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Like the title suggests, this page is designed to take a
person who knows nothing about Texas holdem and walk them step
by step through the game so they can start playing without
embarrassing themselves. The title should really say Texas
holdem for the ignorant because not knowing about something is
ignorance, not a matter of being dumb. But for dummies is much
more catchy so we went with it.
Just understand that what you don’t know about Texas holdem
doesn’t rank you with the dummies of the population, and after
reading this page you’ll have graduated to a level far above the
dummies stage. If you really study and learn from the details
below you’ll probably advance past the bottom 25% of the poker
population immediately.
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Where else can you get a jump on a quarter of the population
by simply reading a page?
One of the best ways to learn how to play a new game is by
watching other players, but if you don’t understand the terms
the players are using and don’t understand the rules it can take
a long time to pick up on the fine points of the game.
It’s somewhat like trying to learn a new language by moving
to a new country without taking any language lessons.
This page starts with the basics by covering the important
terms you’ll hear at the table and then goes over the possible
poker hands and their strengths. Then you’ll learn the exact
step by step way a game of Texas holdem is set up and how a hand
is played, and as a bonus we’ve included a basic strategy
section.
If your goal is to be able to start playing Texas holdem as
quickly as possible without looking like you’re inexperienced or
don’t know what you’re doing this page will prepare you like no
other resource.
Basic Terms
In order to understand a game at the most basic level you
have to learn some of the common terms. Like many games, Texas
holdem players use a specialized language with terms that aren’t
used in normal conversation or terms that mean something
different than you’re used to.
Here’s a list of common terms used at the Texas holdem table.
- Hole CardsThe two cards dealt face down to each 
 player. Your two card starting hand is your hole cards.
- Burn CardThe dealer places a card in the discard 
 pile, also called the muck, before dealing the flop, turn,
 and river. This card is called a burn card. The phrase burn
 and turn refers to burning a card and turning over the next
 community card.
- Community CardsThe community cards are cards placed 
 face up in the center of the poker table. These cards are
 used in combination with your hole cards to make the best
 possible five card poker hand. Every player uses the
 community cards. The community cards are made up of the
 flop, turn, and river. Some players call the community cards
 the board.
- FlopThe flop is the first set of community cards 
 dealt after the first betting round. Three cards are dealt
 face up.
- TurnThe turn is a single community card dealt 
 following the betting round conducted after the flop.
- RiverThe final community card is called the river and 
 it is dealt after the betting round following the turn.
- ShowdownAfter all of the community cards are dealt 
 and all of the betting rounds have been completed all of the
 remaining players show their hole cards and the winning
 player receives the pot. When the players show their cards
 it’s called the showdown.
- FoldWhen you fold you turn your cards in to the 
 dealer face down instead of calling the current bet.
- CallIf you decide to remain in the hand you must call 
 any bet that has been made earlier in the round. This
 includes the big blind on the first round of betting.
- RaiseA raise is when you not only call the current 
 bet but decide to place a larger bet. This is all done at
 one time, unlike what you often see on television. You don’t
 say I’ll call and raise. You simply state that you’re
 raising and push the amount of chips forward to cover the
 call and the raise. If you say I call and raise it’s a
 string bet and this isn’t allowed in poker rooms.
- CheckWhen there hasn’t been a bet on the current 
 round of betting you may check to the next person. You can’t
 check on the first round unless you’re in the big blind and
 no one has raised. You must call, raise, or fold on the
 first round in any position other than the big blind.
- All InIn a no limit Texas holdem game you can push 
 all of your chips into the pot whenever it’s your turn to
 place a bet. When you bet all of your chips it’s called all
 in. You can say I’m all in.
- Limit HoldemLimit Texas holdem has a strict bet and 
 raise limit on each round of betting. The first two betting
 rounds are the same size as the big blind and the last two
 rounds are played at double this amount. If the big blind is
 $40, the small blind will be $20, the first two betting
 rounds will be $40 per bet and the last two will be
 conducted at $80 per bet. This means that when you bet you
 have to bet the amount for the current round. When you arise
 you can only raise the current limit. On the first betting
 round of the example above, you can fold, call the $40 big
 blind, or raise to a total of $80, which is your call of $40
 and a raise of $40. A limit game with the above limits is
 called a $40 / $80 game.
- No Limit HoldemNo limit Texas holdem has a small and 
 big blind like limit holdem but you can raise any amount up
 to the size of your stack of chips. The only restriction is
 if you raise you have to raise at least an amount equal to
 the last bet of the round. If the last bet was $20 you have
 to raise at least $20. If no one has made a bet on the
 current round you can raise any amount.
- Big BlindThe big blind is a forced bet that a player 
 must make on every hand of Texas holdem. It’s also the name
 of the position for the player who’s forced to make the bet.
 The big blind is two seats to the left of the player in the
 dealer position. After each hand the big blind moves one
 seat to the left. In limit Texas holdem the big blind is
 equal to the smaller of the two betting limits. In a $20 /
 $40 game the big blind is $20. In a no limit game the size
 of the big blind is determined by the house.
- Small BlindThe small blind is a forced bet that is 
 made on each hand of Texas holdem. It also refers to the
 position of the player making this forced bet. The small
 blind is between the player in the dealer or button position
 and the big blind. The amount of the small blind is almost
 always half the amount of the big blind. If the big blind is
 $20 the small blind is $10. Occasionally you may see a table
 with a small blind that is a different amount, but it’s
 rare. The small blind rotates one seat to the left after
 each hand.
- Dealer or ButtonThe dealer or button is the player 
 who is the last person to act on every round except the
 first one. This player usually has a small round disc in
 front of them that looks somewhat like a button. In a poker
 room the casino personnel who deal the cards is called a
 dealer, but when you hear someone refer to the dealer
 position or button they mean the player, not the person
 dealing the cards. The dealer button is passed to the next
 player to the left after each hand.
- Under the GunUnder the gun refers to the position who 
 is first to act on the first betting round. This player is
 seated immediately to the left of the big blind.
- ChipsChips, or poker chips, are the round things, 
 usually made of clay, you receive in exchange for your cash.
 You use the chips to make bets and when you’re done you
 exchange the chips back for cash in the cashier cage area.
- StackYour stack is your collection of poker chips at 
 the poker table you use to place bets with.
- PositionPosition is a term used to describe where 
 you’re seated at a table in relation to the other players.
 Your position changes as the dealer button is passed around
 the table. Early position is when you have to act first or
 second in the hand and late position is when you have to act
 in the last two positions of the hand. Middle position is in
 between early and late position.
- NutsThe nuts is a term used to describe the absolute 
 best possible poker hand in the current situation. If the
 best possible hand is an ace high flush, if a person holds
 an ace high flush he has the nuts. If you have the nuts
 after the river you can’t lose the hand unless you fold.
 Many players incorrectly use this term when they have a very
 strong hand but not the absolute best possible hand.
- RakeIn real money Texas holdem games the casino or 
 poker room makes money by taking a small amount from each
 pot. This is called the rake. Both land based and online
 poker rooms take rake.
- Ring GameA ring game is a Texas holdem game that has 
 players join and leave as they run out of chips or decide to
 stop playing. You bring chips to the table and leave with
 whatever chips you have left or have won. If you run out of
 chips you can buy more and keep playing if you wish. If you
 walk into a local poker room or log into an online poker
 room and join a game in progress it’s a ring game.
- Sit and Go TournamentA sit and go tournament is a 
 small tournament, usually with nine or 10 players. You pay a
 set buy in and the final three players win prize money.
 First place usually receives 50% of the prize pool; second
 place gets 30%, and third place receives 20%. When you run
 out of chips you’re eliminated from the tournament. A few
 online poker rooms run two or three table sit and go
 tournaments, but traditionally they’re single table events.
- Multi Table TournamentsMulti table tournaments make 
 up every other tournament. The events at the World Series of
 Poker are multi table events and many online poker rooms run
 big events. You pay a fee, receive a set number of chips,
 and play until you win all of the chips in play or run out
 of chips. Usually somewhere around the top 8 to 12% of the
 tournament entrants finish in the money. A few tournaments,
 called re-buy tournaments, allow players to buy back into
 the tournament for a limited time if they lose all of their
 chips. Most tournaments don’t offer re-buy opportunities so
 if you lose all of your chips you’re eliminated.
Hand Values
Each game of Texas holdem is dealt using a standard playing
card deck of 52 cards. Each deck has four suits made up of 13
cards per suit. The four suits are spades, hearts, clubs, and
diamonds. In Texas holdem each suit is equal in value.
The ranks of card in each suit from lowest to highest are 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, jack, queen, king, and ace.
The following hand values are ranked from highest value to
lowest. Go down the list until you find the value of your
highest possible hand. Then do the same for your opponent’s
hand. Whoever has the highest hand on the list wins the hand.
- Royal FlushA royal flush consists of the top five 
 cards all in the same suit. The ace, king, queen, jack, and
 10 of hearts make up one of the four possible royal flush
 hands. The same five cards, all in spades, or all in
 diamonds, or all in clubs is also a royal flush.
- Straight FlushA straight flush is five cards in 
 order, all of the same suit. The 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 all of clubs
 is a straight flush.
- Four of a KindFour of a kind is a hand with four 
 cards of the same rank. A hand that has the 10 of clubs, 10
 of hearts, 10 of spades, and 10 of diamonds has a four of a
 kind in 10’s. In the case of two players each having four of
 a kind, the player with the higher ranked four of a kind
 wins the hand. If the board has four of a kind the player
 with the highest other card wins the hand. If the board has
 four of a kind and a higher fifth card than any remaining
 player the pot is split between all remaining players.
- Full HouseA full house has three cards of the same 
 rank and two cards of the same rank that don’t match the
 first three cards. If you have three aces and two kings, you
 have a full house. If you hear a player say they have a full
 house with aces full of kings, the three of a kind is stated
 first and the pair is stated second. If two or more players
 each have a full house the player with the highest ranked
 three of a kind wins the hand. If the three of a kind is the
 same the player with the highest pair wins the hand.
- FlushA flush is a hand with all five cards of the 
 same suit. If two or more players have a flush, the one with
 the highest ranked card wins the hand. If two or more
 players have the same highest ranked card they compare their
 next highest ranked card and so on until one player has a
 card of higher rank than the other players.
- StraightA straight is five cards in sequential order 
 but not all of the same suit. For the purposes of a straight
 an ace can be used as the card above a king or below a two.
 An example of a straight is 10, 9, 8, 7, and 6 with at least
 two different suits. If two or more players have a straight
 the one with the highest card in their straight is the
 winner.
- Three of a KindThree of a kind is three cards of the 
 same rank. If you have the 8 of diamonds, 8 of clubs, and 8
 of spades you have three of a kind of 8’s. If two players
 have the same three of a kind their next highest card
 decides the winner. If two players have different three of a
 kind hands the one with the highest ranked three of a kind
 is the winner. If a player has a pair in their hole cards
 and the board makes them a three of a kid hand it’s called a
 set. If the board has two matching cards and you match them
 with one of your cards it’s called trips.
- Two PairTwo pair is two cards of the same rank and 
 another two cards of the same rank that aren’t the same rank
 as the first pair. If you have a 7 of spades and a 7 of
 hearts and an 8 of hearts and an 8 of diamonds you have two
 pair. If two or more players have two pair the player with
 the highest ranked pair is the winner.
- PairA pair of cards is two cards of the same rank. 
 Two aces or two threes both count as a pair. If two or more
 players have a pair the player with the highest ranked pair
 is the winner. If two players have the same ranked pair the
 player with the next highest ranked card wins.
- High CardIf no players have a pair or better the 
 player with the highest ranked card is declared the winner.
 If they have the same highest ranked card their next highest
 ranked cards are compared. This continues until one player
 has a higher ranked card than their opponent. If all five
 cards are the same rank the pot is split.
How to Play
Texas holdem games are available in ring games and
tournaments, but the same basic rules govern how to play both
types of games. If you follow the step by step details below
you’ll be able to play in any type of Texas holdem game.
Joining or Starting a Game
If you join a ring game in progress the dealer and blind
positions will be set from the previous hand. Depending on the
house rules you may have to wait for the big blind to come
around to where you’re seated before you can start playing. Some
places let you post a bet equal to the big blind to start
playing right away.
If you’re seated at the beginning of a tournament or when a
ring game starts the dealer shuffles the cards and then deals
one card face up to each player at the table. The player who
receives the highest card is awarded the dealer button for the
first hand.
Dealing & the Blinds
The first player to the left of the dealer button places the
small blind and the next player to the left places the big
blind. Then the person dealing the cards deals two cards to each
player at the table, one at a time starting with the small blind
and going to the left, finishing once the button player has
received her second card.
Initial Betting Round
At this time the first player to the left of the big blind
folds, calls the big blind, or raises. Play continues to the
left with each player either calling the current bet or blind if
no one has raised, folding, or raising. Play continues until
each player has called the last bet or folded. In a limit game
all bets and raises are the amount of the smaller limit on this
round and the next betting round.
If no one raises the small blind can call the half bet,
called completing the bet, and the big blind has the choice to
check if the pot hasn’t been raised, or fold.
The Flop
After all of the betting action has been completed on the
first round of betting the dealer burns the card on top of the
deck and then turns the next three cards face up in the center
of the table. These three cards are the first of the five
community cards and called the flop.
Each player uses their two hole cards in combination with the
five board cards to make their best possible five card hand. You
can use both of your hole cards with three of the community
cards, one of your hole cards with four of the community cards,
or all five of the community cards and neither of your hole
cards.
After the flop the first person to the left of the dealer
button remaining in the hand can check or bet. In a limit game
the bet must be the smaller limit amount. In a no limit game the
bet can be any amount up to and including the amount of chips
the player has in front of them.
Play continues to the left. Each player may check if no bet
has been made, call if a bet has been made, bet if a bet hasn;t
been made, or raise if a bet has been made. Play continues to
the left until each player has checked or each player has called
the most recent bet or folded.
The Turn
The dealer burns the top card and deals the next card face up
with the other community cards. This is called the turn. In
limit Texas holdem all bets on the turn and river are at the
higher limit.
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After the turn card is dealt the first player to the left of
the dealer button remaining in the hand either checks or bets.
Play continues to the left like it did on the flop with each
player checking, calling, betting, or raising depending on what
has happened before on this betting round.
The River & Showdown
When all of the betting has been completed on the turn the
dealer burns a final card and places the fifth and final
community card face up. A betting round identical to the one on
the turn is completed. After the river betting round all of the
remaining players turn their cards over and the player with the
best hand wins the pot. If more than one player has the exact
same winning hand the pot is split between the players with the
tied best hand.
After the dealer gives the pot to the winning player the
dealer button is passed one place to the left and the blinds
move one place to the left. Once the two blinds pay their forced
bets the next hand starts.
Basic Strategy
It;s one thing to be able to play Texas holdem, but it;s
another thing to be able to do it without losing all of your
money quickly. If you want to not only play your first Texas
holdem game but want to have a decent chance to break even
here;s a few tips to help you get started.
You should know that winning Texas holdem players have been
playing and studying for years in most cases. While you can
learn a few thing that can help you be competitive quickly, this
represents a small part of strategy. If you want to learn more
or become competitive faster you need to check out our strategy
section.
- Play at the smallest limits available. This keeps your
 initial investment as low as possible and will keep you from
 losing too much as you make mistakes while you’re learning.
- Play at the limit Texas holdem tables at first instead
 of the no limit tables. While you can still lose money
 quickly, a single mistake usually won’t cost you your entire
 stack like it can at the no limit tables.
- If you can find tables with other new or inexperienced
 players it can give you the best chance to win.
- Learn about pot odds and start using them to make
 decisions at the table. We have an extensive page on them so
 you can quickly learn more.
- At the most basic level you need to focus on only
 playing with your best starting hands. When you start with a
 better hand than your opponents you’ll end up with a better
 hand more often than they will. Most players play too many
 hands, so focus on playing fewer hands and remain patient.
- Don’t bluff. If you watch poker on television you see
 many players bluffing. As you’re learning how to play forget
 about bluffing. When you have a good hand bet and raise and
 when you have a poor hand check and fold. You can worry
 about bluffing once you become a better player.
- A full house is a monster hand and rarely loses in a
 Texas holdem game. Flushes are the next most powerful hand,
 followed by three of a kind. When you have one of these
 three hands you’ll usually win the pot. Many pots are won
 with a high pair or a two pair hand, but both of these hands
 are vulnerable to better hands.
- You can practice playing online at the free money
 tables, but the play is so bad it’s difficult to get better
 from a strategy standpoint. You still need to try to play
 using the best strategy but until you start playing for real
 money it can be hard to see if your decisions are right or
 not.
- Instead of playing at the free money tables take a seat
 at the micro limit tables. Many online sites have limit
 Texas holdem tables as low as .05 /.10. Even though you’re
 only playing with nickels and dimes the play is much more
 realistic at these levels and you can work on improving your
 game.
- Always focus on playing the best game possible. Even if
 you’re playing for free or small stakes treat each game and
 hand like it’s for thousands of dollars. If you want to be
 the best player possible you need to concentrate every time
 you play poker.
- The best position at the table is the dealer button. You
 get to see how the other players play the hand before you
 have to play. The blinds and under the gun are the worst
 positions. Play fewer hands from the poor positions and more
 hands from the best positions.
- Always pay attention while playing Texas holdem. Watch
 the other players even when you fold your hand. See if you
 can figure out which ones are good and which ones aren’t.
 You can often learn things about other players by watching
 that you can use to make more money against them in the
 future.
How to Get Started

The quickest way to get started is by signing up for an
online poker room. Your options depend a great deal on where you
live. If you live in the United States you’ll only find a few
poker rooms available, unless you live in one of the states with
specific laws allowing online play. If you live in the UK or
many other places around the world you’ll have more options.
Once you find a poker room sign up for a free account and
head over to the cashier area. Make a deposit and claim a bonus
if the poker room is offering a sign up bonus. Most bonuses
aren’t placed in your account right away. You have to play a
certain amount of real money hands before the bonus is released,
usually in small increments of $10 or so.
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To make a deposit you can use a credit card, a bank wire, or
one of the popular online wallet accounts, depending on where
you live. The cashier area will have additional details about
the methods available to players where you live.
If you just want to play for free you don’t have to make a
deposit, but you should still sign up for a place that lets you
play for real money. This way all you have to do is make a
deposit to switch from play money to real money play.
If you want to play at a local casino or poker room walk in
and find the registration desk in the poker area. Tell them
which game you’d like to play, your name, and ask them where to
buy chips. Most poker rooms want you to buy chips at the cage,
but a few let you buy them at the table.
Most rooms have a list of available games, but if they don’t
ask what the lowest Texas holdem limit game is they’re currently
spreading. If they have a seat available they’ll point you in
the right direction and if not they’ll put you on the list and
call for you when a seat opens up.
Once you get seated simply follow the directions of the
dealer. When the big blind comes around to you place your bet in
front of you and get ready to start playing. If the dealer asks
if you want to play or wait for your big blind you can do
whatever you prefer. If you decide to play slide an amount equal
to the big blind out. Some rooms let you start playing right
away without placing a bet on your first hand.
No one knows the house rules the first time they play, and
they vary from room to room. If you play online the software
takes care of everything so all you have to do is click the
button when the software asks about the blinds.
The main thing to keep in mind is that everyone was a
beginning Texas holdem player at one point. If you don’t know
something simply ask. Casino and poker room personnel are there
to help you and most poker players are friendly enough to help
new players. If you run into a grumpy player just ignore them
and ask someone else.
Even the most seasoned pros make mistakes, so don’t worry
about the ones you’re going to make. Simply understanding that
it’s not the end of the world if you do something wrong can make
your experience more enjoyable. You’ll see players with years of
experience play out of turn, forget to do something like place
the blinds, or get lost in thought. Just correct your mistake
and move onto the next hand.
Summary
Many new players are afraid they’ll do something that makes
them look stupid or foolish at the table. They try to hide the
fact that they’re new to the game from the other players.
While you can do whatever you feel is best, have you
considered just telling the other players that you’re new to the
game? Almost universally, poker players are happy to have new
players at their table. New players usually make mistakes, which
are good for the other players, so most players go out of their
way to make newbies feel welcome.
If you have questions about something ask the dealer. She’s
there to run the game smoothly, and part of that job is helping
the players.
Another option for your first time playing is going to a
local poker room with someone you know who is an experienced
player. Your friend can help you get signed up for a table, buy
chips, and get started.
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Of course if you want to play online you’ll be operating
behind a screen name so no one will know who you are, but you
can start playing at the free money tables so even if you make
mistakes it won’t cost you more than your time.